Carbureter.



G. J. DORMAN.

OARBURETEB.

APPLICATION TILED MAB. 24;,1909- Patented Feb. 28, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

INVENTOR WITNESSES a. J. DORMAN.

cmnunmnn. APPLICATION FILED EAR. 24, 1909.

2 sums-anus. 2.

Patented Feb. 28, 1911.

y m E m w V 0 m J U IIII'IIIIIII UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GERALD J. DORMAN, 0F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters latent.

Application filed March 24, 1909.

Patented Feb. 28, 1911.

Serial No. 485,518.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, GERALD-J. DORMAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain Improvements in Carbureters, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain im rovements in carburetors or vaporizers, an more articularly in that class of such devices which are adapted for use in connection with internal combustion engines, and the like, for producing a combustible gas or mixture for operating the same, and the object of the invention is to produce a carburcter or vaporizer of this general character of a simple and comparatively inexpensive nature, and of a light and compact structure, by means of which a substantially perfect or complete vaporization of the fuel is attainable, whereby greater economy in the consumption of fuel, and material advantages in the operation of the engine in connection with which the improved carburetor or vaporizer is employed, are assured.

The invention consists in certain novel features of the construction, and combinations and arrangements of the several parts of the improved carbureter or vaporizer, whereb certain important advantages are attains ,and thedevice is rendered simpler, less expensive and otherwise better. adapted and more convenient for use, all as will be hereinafter fully set forth.

Tlhe novel features of the invention will be carefully defined in the claims.

In order that my invention may be the better understood, I will now proceed to de scribe the same with reference to the accon1- vertically through the panying drawings, which serve to illustrate several forms of carbureter or vaporizer embodying my improvements, wherein- Figure 1 is a vertical section taken longitudinally or axially through one form of the carburetor embodying my 1mprovements; Fig. 2 is a sectional plan vlew'taken horizontally through the carbureter illustrated in Fig. 1, the plane of the sectlon being illustrated by the line 0-41 in Fig. 1; F1g. 3 is a sectional view taken transversely and device in the plane indicated by the line b--?) in Fig. 1; Fig. 1 is an enlarged detail view, partially in section showing one of the absorbentfuel con-- ductor's comprised in the improved carbureter; Fig. 5 is a vertlcal sectional view somewhat similar to Fig. 1, but illustrating another formation of the improved carbureter according to my invention; Fig. 6 is a horizontal sect-ion taken longitudinally through the mixing chamber of the carbureter shown in Fig. 5, the plane of the section being indicated by the line cc in said figure, and. Fi 7 is a transverse section taken verticalFy through the carburetor shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

Referring first to F igs, 1 to 4, I have therein shown my improved carbureter provided with a metallic casing or shell comprising an upper part or member 1, wherein is produced an elongated mixing chamber 2 which is horizontally directed and adapted for the flow of air for admixture with the fuel vapor as will be hereil'iafter explained, the said upper part or member 1 having at one end an air inlet 3 through which a con stant air supply is admitted to said mixing chamber 2 ina well known way and having its opposite end provided with an upwardly directed nipple 4.- adapted to receive a pipe connection 5 leading to the engine, so that the suction of the engine may be exerted through said mixing chamber in a well known way for drawing the fuel charge into the combustion chamber of the engine. At the end of the upper part or member 1 whereat the air inlet 3 is located is produced an auxiliary air admission port or in let 7, which is adapted for the admission to the mixing chamber 2 of a variable auxiliary air supply for admixture with the fuel vapor within said mixing chamber, the said auxiliary air supply being varied in unison with the requirements of the engine according to the suction exerted within said mixing chamber during operation. The means for" variably controlling such auxiliar air supply herein shown comprises a spit er 8 extended across the port or inlet 7 and having screw connection with the casin mem her 1, and a valve 12 within the curl of the chamber 2, and normally drawn upward into closing engagen'ient upon a seat 10 produced around the spider 8, said valve 12 being provided with an upwardly directed tubular stem 9, which is engaged for sliding movement through abearing at the center of the spider 8 and has its upper end screw-threaded for engagement with an adjusting nut 14, a spring 11 coiled around the upwardly extended extremit of the stem 9 having its lower end engage upon the spider and its upper end engaged beneath the said nut 10 so that its tension may be conveniently adjusted by means of said nut in order that the pressure with which the valve is held to its seat may be controlled. 15 represents a guide pin or member which is extended upwardly through the bore of the tubular valve stem 9 so as to guide the valve during its vertical movements, and this guide pin has at its lower end screw-threaded engagement, as shown at 16 with the lower wall of the casing member 1 and is provided with a handle outside the casing whereby it may be conveniently turned. in order that said guide pin may be vertically adjusted within the'chamber 2, and said guide pin is provided within said chamber 2 with an annular enlar ement or shoulder 18, which is adapted or engagement with the lower end of a pendent extension 17 of the valve stem in 3OI'd8I that the descending or opening movement of the valve 12 may be conven- 'iently limited, the vertical adjustability of the guide pin 15 permitting the extent of permitted opening of the said valve to be conveniently varied. The shell or casing of the device, as shown in these views also comprises a lower part or member 19, adapted to be joined with the upper part or member 1, the said parts or members being provided with similar outwardly directed flanges extended around their meeting edges and adapted to-be fitted flush one upon the other and connected by; means of bolts or the like fastenings, as clearly shown at 20 in the drawings, and at one end, the said lower casing member or part 19 is provided with a reduced valve chamber 21, at the lower part of which is arranged a' ni ple 22 wherewith a fuel supply pipe 23 is adapted for connection, a fuel passage beingproduced through said nipple so that the fuel from the pipe 23 is adaptedto be admitted to the valve chamber 21 under control of a valve 2 1 which is adapted to seat itself, when moved down-- wa'rdl upona valve seat produced around the oil inlet at the lower part of the valve chamber 21 in a well known way. This valve 24 has an upwardly directed stem 25 the upper end of which is guided in the upper part of the-valvechamber 21 and has its extremity extended outside the same so that the valve may be cleared when necessary. The valve stem 25 also carries a vertically adjustable stop or enlargement 26, having screw connection therewith, and beneath the'shoulder afforded at the under- 7 side of said stop 26 is engaged the forked end 27 of. a float lever pivoted at'28 and having its opposite-end 29 connected with a float 30 arranged for vertical movement '-within a float chamber produced at one end of the lower casing member 19 and herein shown as formed by widening that end of said member 19, the arrangement of the parts being such that the fuel from the b'lll'i ply pipe 23 is admitted to the interior of the fuel chamber 33 within the lower casing member until such time as the rising of said float permits the valve 24 to resume its seat and.thereby cut off further supply of fuel until such time as the fuel level within the fuel chamber falls sufficiently to permit the valve to be again opened by the descent of the float 30. By this arrangement of the parts, to which I make no claim herein, a substantially constant level of the fuel maintained at all times within the fuel chamber, and such level is capable of variation at will by merely adjusting the collar 26 vertically along the valve stem 25.

The lower part of the upper casing memher 1 is provided around its flanged portion adjacent to the member'19 with an inwardly directed seat or chamfer 31, wherein is adapted to be engaged the marginal portion of a partition or diaphragm 32,- which is horizontally extended across the device and affords a division between the mixing chamber 2 within the upper casing member, and the fuel chamber 33 within the lower casing member 19, and when the parts are assembled, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the upper edge portion of the lower casing part 19 has engagement beneath said marginal portion of the partition or diaphragm 32 in such away as to hold the same securely in position within said seator ehamfer 31. If desired, .a suitable packing may also be held in the joint between the parts so as to pre-- vent leakageof fuel therethrough in case the device be exposed to jolting as when used upon an automobile or other vehicle.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the partition or diaphragm is provided at suitable intervals along the length of the device, with a plu'ralit of circular openings, and with annular i unges 34, 31 pendent from its lower surface and surrounding said openings, and affording passages communicating between the mixing chamber 2 of the upper casing member, and the fuel chamber 33 within the lower casing member 19, and 35, 35 represent a plurality of cylindrical plugs or conductors, herein shown as formed from absorbent felted material, which are capable of vertical sliding movement within the passages produced within the flanges 34: '34, and which serve, as will be hereinafter explained, to conduct the liquid fuel by capillary action, from the fuel chamber 33 within the lower casing member to the mix-' ing chamber 2 within the upper casing member 1,-so' thatsueh fuel may be exposed tothe air drawn through said mixing chamber during suction of the engine in order to assure'etfective vaporization ofthe fuel and its admixture with the air-supply, the upper surfaces of said fibrous or absorbent conductors 35, 35 being exposed to such an extent as may be necessary, to the air supply in chamber 2 according to the requirements of the engine.

I have herein shown the improved car 'bureter provided with means for conveniently adjusting the plugs or conductors 35,

35 vertically within the mixing chamber inorder that the extent to which the fuel is exposed to the air supply may be varied according to the requirements of use, and

where such plugs or conductors are formed from fibrous or felted substance, it is desirable that they be reinfprred in some manner in order to prevent them from being compressed and to insureeffective adjustment thereof, for which reasons I have herein shown the plugs or conductors provided with screws 36 extended axially through them, such screws having deep threads engaged within the fibrous or felted substance so as to afford an effective'reinforcement for the same, and having their lower extremities connected with collars or enlargements 37 arranged beneath the conductors or plugs and having undercut apertures 38, open at their sides for the introduction of enlargeinents at the upper .ends of stems 39 pendent beneath the several plugs or conductors in axial alinement therewith, and having their lower parts screw-threaded for engagement with nipples 40 at the lower part of the lower casing member 19, their lower extremities being passed through stuffing boxes 41 at the lower ends of said nipples 40, and provided with handles whereby they may be conveniently turned for effecting the vertical adjustment of the plugs or con ductors 35, within the annular flanges 34, 34 of the partition or diaphragm 32.

By this arrangement a detachable connection is afforded between the stems 39, 39

and the collars 37, 37 at the lower ends of the plugs or conductors 35, 35, so that the latter may be conveniently detached from their stems for purposes of'repair or cleaning when the casing members are separated, and the construction is also such as permits of convenient adjustment of the plugs or conductorsso that their lower ends may dip to any desired depth within the fuel in the fuel chamber 33 while their upper ends are capable of being exposed to any desired extent to the air supply flowing through the mixing chamber 2 of the upper casing member, effective control'of' the proportions of fuel and air being thereby possible. Where the plugs or conductors are adjusted to an extreme upper position, the adjustmentof the collar 26 upon the valvestem 25 may be utilized to insure a proper depth of the fuel around the lower ends of said plugs.

In the practical use of the device, the air being drawn through the mixing chamber 2 of the upper casing member by the suction exerted during operation of the engine, is

brought into intimate contact with the fuel elevated by capillary action from the fuel chamber 33 within the lower casing member, and exposed upon the surfaces of the plugs or conductors 35, 35 within the mixing chamber sothat a substantially perfect vaporization of the fuel is insured, and the carrying of unvaporized fuel into the combastion chamber ofthe engine under the suction exerted thereby is effectively prevented, the valve 12 opening at each draft from the combustion chamber in order to assure such an air supply as may be neces sary for proper dilution of the fuel charge.

In Figs. 5, and 7 I have shown another formation of carbureter or vaporizer embodying my improvements wherein the upper casing member 1 is made in tubular form, so that its lower side affords a partition or diaphragm 32 in lieu of the corresponding part shown in the preceding views, for separating the tubular mixing chamber 2 of the upper member from the fuel chamber 33 of the lower casing member 19, the said lower side of the upper casing member being perforated with a series of circular apertures and being provided with pendent annular flanges 34, 34 surrounding the same and adapted to be directed within the fuel chamber when the parts are assembled, so as to permit the passage through them of the cylindrical fibrous or absorbent plugs or conductors 35, 35, the upper surfaces of which are adapted to be extended flush with the wall of the chamber in member 1 so that the fuel elevated thereby'may be vaporized by contact'of the air supply thereon, while their lower ends are adapted to dip within the fuel supplied to the fuel chamber 33,

being supported above the bottom of the One end of said valve has connection with a stem 47, axially alined therewith and arranged for turning movement within a bearing 48 at the center of a spider extended across the air inlet 3, the inner part of said stem having-a shoulder 50 engaged upon the innerpart' of said bearing to prevent endwise movement of the valve in one direction, and the outer part of the stem being provided with a handle or enlargement 49 by means of which the valve may be conveniently turned or adjusted, the said handle or enlargement havmg engagement upon the outer side of the bearing 48'soas to prevent endwise movement of the valve in a reverse direction. The valve member 46 is providedin its walls with a series of apertures or ports 51, 51, which, when the said valve member is turned are adapted to bemoved in and out of registry with the apertures through which the upper surfaces of the plugs or conductors 35, 35 are exposed at the lower side of the upper casing member, whereby it will be seen that by turning said valve member the fuel exposed for vaporization may be effectively controlled and regulated. These ports or apertures 51, 51 are herein shown as made of gradu' ated sizes, measured around the periphery of the valve member, and their corresponding ends are in staggered or spiral relation at one side of the valve member, being inclined to the length thereof, as clearly shown in Figs. 5 and 6 so that they may be successively moved in and out of registry with the upper ends of the plugs or conductors 35*, 35 duringthe turning of the valve member, whereby a convenient and effective regulation of the exposure of the plugs or con I ductors to the air supply may be attained.

From the above description it will be seen that the carbureter or vaporizers constructed according to my invention are of an extremely simple and comparatively inexpensive nature and are particularly adapted for use by reason of the substantially perfect or complete vaporization of the charge attainable in practice, and of the convenience with which the proportions of fuel and air may be varied to meet the varying requirements of service, and it will also be obvious from the above description that the device is suscepti ble' of considerable modification without material departure from the principles and spirit of the invention, and for this reason I do not desire to be understood as limiting myself to the precise formation and arrangement of the several parts herein set forth in carrying out my invention in practice.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A carburetor having a mixing chamber for the passage of .air, a chamber to contain liquid fuel,- a perforated part extended between said chambers and provided with a pendent flange surrounding its perforation,

a solid absorbent conductor extended between said chambers dipping within the,

- conductor.

liquid fuel and capable of operation to convey such fuel from the fuel chamber to the mixing chamber, said conductor bemg accommodated within the bore provided by the pendent flange and a support for the ab-- sorbent conductor carried by the floor of the fuel chamber contacting with the end a solid absorbent conductor extended be-' tween said chambers dipping within the liquid fuel and. capable of operation to convey such fuel from the fuel chamber'to the mixing chamber, said conductor being accommodated Within the bore provided by the pendent flange and projections carried by the walls. of the fuel chamber contacting with the end surface of the absorbent con- (luctor within the fuel'chamber to permit circulation of the fuel beneath the absorbent 3. A carbureter having a mixing chamber for the passage of air, a chamber to contain liquid fuel, a perforated part extended between said chambers and provided, with a pendent flange surrounding its perforation, a solid absorbent conductor extended be tween said chambers dipping within the liquid fuel, and capable of operation to convey such fuel from the fuel chamber to the mixing chamber, said conductor being accommodatedwithin the bore provided by the pendent flange and a support for the absorbent conductor carried by the floor of the fuel chamber contacting with the end surface of the conductor Within the fuel chamber to permit circulation of the fuel beneath the absorbent conductor, and a valve member movable in the mixing chamber and having a port adapted for registry with the perforation of the part extended between the chambers. v

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing 

